ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the nature of the link between radical atheism and radical politics. It introduces Jean Meslier and his work briefly, and demonstrates the importance of Bayle's influence on the curé, as well as sketch Voltaire's distortion in his editions of Meslier's works. The chapter discusses Meslier's political thought per se, showing the importance of atheism as a critical tool in his philosophy, and the development of his utilitarian ethic. It also argues that Meslier's supposed 'communism' is best understood as radical republicanism. Jonathan I. Israel's most radical and oft-criticized contribution is his reinterpretation of the meaning of radicalism itself. Meslier's most shocking anti-religious argument, and also his most potent and original one, goes against Christian morality. Just as he had combatted the unjust demands of his local lord, Meslier is keen to propose a radical egalitarian critique of the political arrangements in place under the ancien régime.
