ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on a pricing measure as a possible strategy for achieving needed reductions in air pollutant concentrations. It enhances a transport and emission modelling approach by integrating an air quality module. Applying this integrated approach, pricing strategies are evaluated with respect to their mitigation potential in removing NO2 hotspots, which have a higher concentration in Munich than current European Union (EU) limit values. The chapter provides a short introduction to the large scale real-world scenario of both the Munich metropolitan and the study area and follow with a description of the simulation approach as well as definition of the available choice dimensions and utility functions. It shows that the effect of increasing emission costs on the number of hotpots shows a decreasing trend. The chapter discuses the generalized costs on hotspots are in addition to travel time and travel costs dependent on individual emission costs, of which the latter costs depend on vehicle characteristics and time-dependent traffic situations.
