ABSTRACT
This chapter analyses the religious situation of urban Lithuania Gramsci's notion of the struggle over religious hegemony and Bourdieu's notion of the religious field, capital, and habitus. Sometimes there appears to be a strange discrepancy between the commanding material presence of the Catholic Church in Lithuanian cities impressive church buildings with well-attended Sunday masses and the elusiveness of Catholicism in everyday life, in the day-to-day interactions of people. Before turning to some ethnographic reflections upon civil society and religion in urban Lithuania, the chapter briefly sketches the most important keywords that offer themselves for the analysis of Catholicism's position. Religious pluralism refers to the presence of a number of religious communities in the urban environment and the ready availability of information on any kind of religious belief a crucial difference to religious life in the countryside.
