ABSTRACT
Charles Darwin replaced the idea of divine creation with the principle of evolution. His evolutionary theory brought questions of the prospects, its progression or regression, issues of influencing this evolution and thus the one field that had been barred to human intervention until then onto the agenda. Starting out from this premise, it argues the genre of science fiction (SF) which, based on contemporary scientific research, is of key importance in familiarizing more precisely the individual, with the potential future biological evolution of humanity and its implications. The analysis of the texts and films is preceded by an overview of theses and promises of science and its adherents. This is to elucidate the optimistic scientific proclamations and dreams of future evolution found in non-fictional contexts that are then mirrored in fictional ones. Real people may not use the term 'transhuman', may not even share the transhumanist optimism that these biotechnological enhancements transport humanity onto the next level of evolution.
