ABSTRACT

This chapter describes interconnect individual, group and organisational development. It seeks guidance from one of the key thinkers on organisational development of twentieth century, the Dutchman Bernard Lievegoed and his work on organisational life cycles. The chapter looks at organisation development literature that served to restore the connection with nature and community. It looks at the connection between Lievegoed's and Glasl's more socially centred approach and James Moore's ecological orientation. Moore is a respected American business consultant, drawing ostensibly upon conventional Darwinian evolutionary biology. As Moore affirms, returns from core enterprise are also invested in leadership and support for social and economic ecosystem itself, for 'alliance community development' activities. As leaders then evolve into what Moore terms 'gardeners' so they develop what he calls an eco-community supported by a foundation of interacting organisations and individuals. The environment-shaping leader of an organisational ecosystem like a Microsoft or a Benneton set the stage for a co-evolving system, which becomes difficult to dislodge.