ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at who those 'entrepreneurs' were and how they achieved their goal of transforming US security policy. Two decisions are analyzed: the preventive war in Iraq and the legal redefinition of the concept of torture by the Bush administration. Policy entrepreneurs played a prominent role in both. Before analyzing the policy making process in these two decisions that shaped the evolution of the US security state, the chapter discusses theoretical approaches to entrepreneurs and their influence over the formulation of national security policy. The chapter covers three areas: the role of 'entrepreneurs' according to decision-making theories, the seminal texts of this approach to decision making, and conceptualization of the variables that can help to identify and analyze the role of entrepreneurs in the Bush administration. Theoreticians of international relations have shown scant interest in foreign policy and those who do rarely address decision-making theory.
