ABSTRACT
In this article we use a hybrid methodology to better understand the skilful performance of
sports teams as an exemplar of distributed cognition. We highlight key differences between a
team of individual experts (an aggregate system) and an expert team (an emergent system),
and outline the kinds of shared characteristics likely to be found in an expert team. We focus
on the way that shared knowledge contributes to expert team performance. In particular, we
suggest that certain kinds of shared knowledge (both embodied and declarative) and shared
skill, potentially developed through a team’s history of playing and training together, facili-
tate successful coordination. These kinds of shared knowledge and skill may be less developed
in a team of experts without a shared history. Exploring the expert performance of sports
teams informs our understanding of distributed cognition and collaboration more generally
and creates avenues for further philosophical and empirical investigation.
