ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses (1) the Nyāya concept of inference for others, and (2) the types of fallacies, including the logical as well as the epistemological fallacies and their classifications. It is to be noted that the Nyāya logicians emphasize the relevance condition in addition to the truth of the premises in a valid inference. Relevance is a relation which relates the contents of two sentences or expressions. Hence for the explanation of ‘relevance’ also Indian philosophy is relevant to contemporary philosophy as some contemporary logicians are not happy with the classical logic of Frege–Russell.
