ABSTRACT
School violence interventions are by definition group interventions. The approach described in this chapter uses a psychoanalytic systems frame to understand unconscious, large-group dynamics that impact the evolution of violence in schools and communities (Twemlow & Sacco, 1998). This approach evolved from 25 years of research on a bullying prevention program for elementary schools created in the United States known as CAPSLE (Creating a Peaceful School Learning Environment). The original program was subsequently replicated in different countries with radically different cultures (Twemlow, Fonagy, Vernberg, Sacco, & Malcom, 2011).
