ABSTRACT
Previously, we discussed referentialism, the notion that the primary value of music comes from what the music points to rather than the music itself. Here, we have divided referentialist positions into two camps, expressionism in this chapter, and symbolism in the next. Recall, also from a previous discussion, the fact that labels can be confusing and sometimes even arbitrary. Although not everyone would make this division, many others have. Thus, in this chapter we take a look at philosophers who find the primary value of music in the expression of human emotions.
