ABSTRACT
This chapter describes how impact assessments are implemented to manage extractive projects in the Arctic, and thereby mitigates social and environmental disruption, and contributes to desired development in affected communities. It provides a general introduction to the impact assessment tools. To manage the impacts of extractive contemporary projects before, during, and after extraction, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is employed across the Arctic to assess, mitigate, and monitor the impacts of resource development. The purpose of impact assessment tools, such as SIA and EIA, is to ensure informed decision-making, through mainstreaming environmental and social considerations, and to assess and mitigate the potential negative impacts of a development and enhance benefits in co-operation with local communities. It promotes a form of sustainable development for a project, through influencing decisions and the design of projects, plans, programmes, and other development initiatives.
