ABSTRACT
This chapter investigates each type of critique. It discusses the general strategy of assessing whether a flaw exists in either the form of the argument or in the truth of the premises and we identify a few well-known ways in which such flaws can arise. To challenge the form of an argument, one must first determine what the form is. In developing a logical diagram of the argument to critique, one has exhibited the form. Supplying the premise that is needed to make the argument into a valid instance of modus ponens is generally a sure way to detect the irrelevancy of the premises. The fallacy of equivocation is a very specialized form of that same fallacy, which occurs when only two terms are used, but one of them is used with two different meanings. Common cause of false generalizations is the psychological trap posed by anecdotal thinking and inadequate experience.
