ABSTRACT
Human trafficking, also referred to as trafficking in persons, involves the illegal trade in people for their exploitation, either in the sex trade, labour market or in other contexts such as forced marriage, adoption, soldiering and the removal of organs. The core differentiation between smuggling (procuring illegal entry into a state) and trafficking is that the latter requires the coercive movement of people, usually for the purpose of their incorporation into illegal activities and exploitation when they arrive. Human trafficking can therefore take place within and across countries. Upon arrival trafficked persons are not permitted to leave and are held against their will, often with the threat of violence, or are deceived. Trafficking, then, involves conceiving of people as products and treating them like other illicit goods to be bought and sold.
