West African case studies of integrated urban transport reform

Since the turn of the century, a number of major urban passenger transport (UPT) reform programmes have been launched in West Africa. These must be seen in the context of long-standing initiatives that have taken years to develop through to implementation – dating back to 1988 in the case of Lagos. It would appear that building the necessary consensus for integrated reform is far more difficult than mobilizing support for investment-intensive projects, whether in the infrastructure or rolling-stock domains.