ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on differentiation among the three phenomena, corruption, misconduct and maladministration, as a means through which more targeted integrity processes and preventive strategies can be built. It proposes organizational factors that precipitate integrity breaches are discussed, and used to shape the integrity-building processes and preventive strategies. Perhaps the most commonly cited definition of corruption is the 'abuse of public office for private gain' definition provided by the World Bank and Transparency International. The corruption risk is enhanced when the public official in question has regulatory or decision-making authority, and if he or she had a pre-existing relationship with his or her non-public-sector accomplice. Misconduct involves an act by a public official that contradicts his or her terms of employment or risks the reputation and viability of his or her employer, maladministration involves individual mismanagement. No organization is impenetrable to integrity breaches, but integrity can be managed.
