ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the role of nuclear power in Russia's internal and external energy policies. It investigates the implications for safety, security and non-proliferation that follows from the Russian and worldwide nuclear expansion. In the 1990s, as a result of the Chernobyl accident and the collapse of the Soviet Union, there was an acute shortage of funds for nuclear development in Russia and a number of domestic projects were stalled. The Chinese Tianwan NPP is the largest economic cooperation project between China and Russia. The Duma finally passed the Law on Radioactive Waste Management in June 2011 and it was written into law. The nuclear sector is one of the few sectors where Russia has advanced technologies and a considerable comparative advantage due to its historical military nuclear research. The securitization of nuclear power implies that it no longer is a national security issue but an international one.
