ABSTRACT
Advances in nutrient management in rice cultivation Bijay-Singh, Punjab Agricultural University, India and V. K. Singh, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, India
1 Introduction
2 Real-time site-specific nitrogen management in rice using non-invasive optical methods
3 Site-specific nutrient management for intensive rice-cropping systems
4 Controlled-release and slow-release nitrogen fertilizers
5 Urease and nitrification inhibitors
6 Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers
7 Phosphorus and potassium
8 Micronutrients
9 Integrated plant nutrient management based on organic resources and mineral fertilizers
10 Summary and future trends
11 Where to look for further information
12 References
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food for nearly half of the world’s population. In 2014, global production of rice was more than 740 Mt, of which 90% was recorded in Asia (FAOSTAT, 2016). As global grain demand is projected to double by 2050, the challenge to achieve even higher rice production levels still remains. Fertilizer use is one of the major factors for the continuous increase in rice production; more than 20% of fertilizer nitrogen (N) produced worldwide is used in the rice fields of Asia. Irrigated and rain-fed lowland rice systems account for 92% of total rice production and nutrients applied as fertilizers account for 20-25% of total production costs in these rice systems. Of the total 172.2 Mt fertilizer (N + P2O5 + K2O) consumed globally during 2010-11, 14.3% (24.7 Mt) was used in rice fields. Percentages for N, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were 15.4, 12.8 and 12.6, respectively (Heffer, 2013).
