ABSTRACT
Abstract ................................................................................................... 99 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................... 99 4.2 Gold Nanoconjugates ................................................................... 102 4.3 GNPs Synthesis Methods ............................................................. 103 4.4 The Impact of GNPs on Cancer Therapy ..................................... 106 4.5 Smart Stimuli-Responsive Gold Nanostructure ........................... 107 4.6 GNPs Responsive to Endogenous Stimuli ................................... 120 4.7 Dual Stimuli-Responsive GNPs ................................................... 121
AYUOB AGHANEJAD1†, PARHAM SAHANDI ZANGABAD1,2†, JALEH BARAR1,3, and YADOLLAH OMIDI1,3*
1Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
*Corresponding author. E-mail: yomidi@tbzmed.ac.ir
4.8 Gold Nanostructures as Theranostics........................................... 121 4.9 GNPs for Gene Delivery .............................................................. 125 4.10 Cytotoxic Effects of GNPs........................................................... 127 4.11 Conclusion ................................................................................... 128 Keywords .............................................................................................. 129 References ............................................................................................. 129
ABSTRACT
In the recent decades, advanced nanomaterials have been used for the development of smart multifunctional drug-delivery systems (DDSs) for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Of these nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been utilized for the production of intelligent nanomedicines, the so-called diapeutics/theranostics. While GNPs are considered as inert nanomaterials, they show great potential for the surface modification and decoration with stimuli-responsive and targeting agents such as temperature and/or pH sensitive linkers, aptamers or antibodies for site-specific imaging and therapy. On account of unique physicochemical properties (e.g., surface multivalency, shape, size, morphology, etc.) of GNPs, they possess great capability as targeted DDSs for imaging and delivering cargo molecules in different diseases, including various types of solid tumors. Based on their in vitro and in vivo applications, GNPs can be listed among the most promising nanomaterials for development of smart multifunctional stimuli-responsive diapeutics/theranostics.
