ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the effects of co-doping as well as the influence of technological conditions on structure, luminescence and surface properties of composites and dopant relocation. Zirconia (ZrO2) is a multifunctional material which can be found in the different forms: crystals, ceramics, films and powders, including nanopowders. The incorporation of complementary cations in the crystal lattice of zirconia affects its properties, first of all, its crystal structure. Since simultaneous doping with different dopants is frequently used in zirconia-based composites intended for different application. The interest in rare-earth ions in zirconia is caused by their emission in the near-infrared range that can be useful for medical application and for communication purposes. Currently solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on ZrO2-related composites are of great interest as alternative energy sources due to their higher energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. The increase of calcination temperature stimulates the enrichment of grain surface with CuO or pure Cu no matter the cooling rate.
