ABSTRACT
Many things changed in Gibraltar on the occasion of its conquest by the allied fleet commanded by Admiral Rooke in 1704, and after the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. From those early years of the eighteenth century, the Spanish who had lived without interruption in Gibraltar for generations, from the time of its definitive reconquest from the Moors in 1462, were replaced by a few new inhabitants from elsewhere in Europe and Africa, mainly from around the Mediterranean. The number of Gibraltarians changed after its reconquest by the Christians. Naturally, the number of new settlers in Gibraltar during the eighteenth century was small, since Spanish ambitions to recover the Rock by force and the successive sieges that it suffered hardly made the place attractive to those who sought a livelihood and a stable future. The Genoese colony was also important in this new Gibraltar of British sovereignty.
