ABSTRACT
This chapter deals with one of the core theoretical problems within integrated History and Philosophy of Science (iHPS), namely how History and Philosophy of science should be integrated into iHPS. It introduces several different views concerning the relationship between History of Science and Philosophy of Science: the Kuhnian, the neo-positivist and the Popperian. These positions were proposed during the discussion about the historical turn in Philosophy of Science in the 1960s and 1970s. The chapter focuses on the theoretical tenets of each of the positions, and the logical relations between them. It shows that all the arguments can be aligned with the classic Hegelian logic of thesis-antithesis-synthesis. In the context of neo-positivist philosophy of the 1960s, Kuhn’s Philosophy of Science was highly contested. The chapter argues that the exemplary logic, which is the circular integration between History and Philosophy of Science that results in normative historically oriented iHPS, is a fundamental component of the Science Policy discourse.
