ABSTRACT
Infertility treatment became available owing to developments in the characterization and purification of hormones. Treatment with urinary-derived human gonadotropins and clomiphene citrate (CC) became available in 1961 and then over the following 35 years advancements in production techniques, including the use of recombinant DNA technology (1), led to the availability of purer and more consistent injectable gonadotropins (for a review, see (2)). The purpose of this chapter is to overview the development, structure, and mode of action of treatments for ovulation induction (OI) and controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs).
