ABSTRACT
The period when essential oils first were used on an industrial scale is difficult to identify. The 19th century is generally regarded as the commencement of the modern phase of industrial application of essential oils. However, the large-scale usage of essential oils dates back to ancient Egypt. In 1480 B.c., Queen Hatshepsut of Egypt sent an expedition to the country of Punt (now Somalia) to obtain fragrant plants, oils, and resins as ingredients for perfumes, medicaments, flavors, and for the mummification of bodies. Precious fragrances have been found in many Egyptian archeological excavations, as symbols of wealth and social position.
