ABSTRACT
272Fluorine exists as the p block element of group seventeen in periodic table and component of halogen family. Ionic form of the fluorine is fluoride. Various natural and industrial sources are responsible for the increased level of fluoride in groundwater. Fluoride serves as double, for example weapon for the human being. Below the prescribed level, that is 1.5 mg/l ((World Health Organization (WHO)), it is beneficiary for the tooth and bone health. But when the concentration increases, it possesses threatening effects on mankind and many kinds of fluorosis occur. There is the prime need to minimize the level of fluoride in drinking water as well as in wastewater. Various techniques are available to remove fluoride. Chemical and physical techniques have their own qualities and disadvantages. In the present scenario, bioremoval/bioadsorption is getting more attention to eliminate fluoride in eco-friendly manner. Live and dead cells of the microorganisms like Shewanella putrefaciens, Spirogyra species, Aspergillus sp., Pleurotus sp. etc. have potential to remove fluoride. Microbial biomass consists the high efficiency for the removal of contaminants from wastewater. The surface of the microorganism provides the enriched sites for bioadsorption process due to the existence of a variety of functional groups on it.
