ABSTRACT
The sustainable management of supply chains in bio-based industries (e.g. agriculture, botanicals, cosmetics, industrial biotechnology and pharmaceuticals) must now incorporate account for the access and benefit-sharing (ABS) measures envisaged by the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization, which has 70 parties and entered into force at the international level on 12 October 2014. The Protocol, a sub-treaty of on Biological Diversity, establishes governing norms and obligations for the access and use of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge in member jurisdictions. In the Nagoya era, proactive organizations are capitalizing on legislative developments to enhance global supply chain integrity, security and functional equity, and do so in an economically, socially and environmentally sound manner. This chapter will explore the impact of national legal, regulatory and policy measures on ABS as they impact global supply chains in bio-based industries, first by outlining the CBD and the Nagoya Protocol, then surveying legislation in key user and provider jurisdictions to highlight recent developments. Next, effects on global supply chains are outlined, followed by a discussion on challenges and opportunities pertaining to Nagoya era sustainable supply chain management. Equitable sourcing in bio-based industries is an increasing compliance challenge which requires active engagement in ABS regardless of perceived complexities and allows for the establishment of secure and ethically sourced supply chains.
