ABSTRACT
In the 10 years since 1989 and the end of the communist era in Central and Eastern Europe, the evolution of print and electronic media has been central to the larger process of political and cultural restructuring. For the past decade bulgarian media have been marked by a dominant state television and radio and by a government reluctant to clear the path for privatization and broad freedom of the press. The czech republic was among the first countries in the region to establish policy concerning commercial broadcasting. By March 1991, the government, dedicated to a model of free-market media, had passed legislation concerning licensing, and regional television and radio broadcasting had commenced. Prior to the fall of the berlin wall in November 1989, the media landscape of the German Democratic Republic consisted only of print and electronic media controlled by the Communist Party and state.
