ABSTRACT
Brezhnev and Kosygin in the Soviet Union and the successors to Mexico’s last revolutionary leader, Cardenas, particularly Avila Camacho, Aleman, and Ruiz Cortines, may be regarded as representing managerial modernizers. In China, too, industrialization has been progressing, and there, too, managerial modernizers seem to be rising and competing for power. The general hypothesis that, concomitant with industrialization, an elite of managerial modernizers rises to power does find support, then, in the experience of the few countries that have made substantial progress toward industrialization following a revolution of revolutionary modernizers. In a traditional society, especially before there has been much modernization, most people who receive a higher education are likely to be drawn from the aristocracy. If modernizers want to put into effect in their own underdeveloped countries their newly acquired values of material progress and abundance, equality and participation, they must desire rapid industrialization and also, in many cases, land reform.
