ABSTRACT
This chapter considers evidence from studies with Serbo-Croatian-language materials and from studies with English-language materials. Dual-process theory has motivated most of the laboratory research on recognising and pronouncing words. According to this theory, two independent processes—a direct, visual process and a mediated, phonological process—govern the accessing of the internal lexicon, a mental dictionary containing relatively permanent information about the identity of individual words. The effect of phonological ambiguity on "yes" responses in lexical decision and naming implies that phonology mediates word identification. According to models that draw the distinction between assembled phonology and accessed phonology, "Tayble" should be affected by concurrent demands on processing capacity more so than "Table." The masks are nonwords, phonologically related or unrelated to the targets, and themselves followed by patterned stimuli to reduce their identification and, thereby, guessing strategies about target/mask relationships.
