ABSTRACT
Bioelectronics spans a large physical scale from sensing and control of single molecules to entire complex organisms such as the human body. We start with describing the basis of bioelectricity, the electrical–biological interface, moving to detection, monitoring, and control with biosensors and then to tissue- and organism-scale measurement of biopotentials and physiological processes, and stimulation applications of bioelectronics. A case study of a common issue in all these areas is presented on electrode contact impedance and removal.
