ABSTRACT

Hitherto, the organization of international business has been studied mostly from a managerial point of view or by examining the relationship between firms and the economy. Yet, the development of the modern, multinational firm - the most important type of business organisation - has been strongly influenced by the conflicts that bedeviled the twentieth century. The volatile macroeconomic and political environments experienced by international business point to how important it is to study political risk. Consequently, Multinational Enterprise, Political Risk and Organisational Change: From Total War to Cold War breaks new ground: it argues that non-market elements and historical context are key to understanding the way international business has been organised. This edited volume offers an historical approach to analysing how multinational enterprise has developed over time and around the world, through a series of well-crafted chapters, on important topics in international economic and business history, written by authorities in their respective fields of study and research. The study is based on the underlying premise that the coming of the two World Wars, the devastating and long-term consequences of such total wars, and the ideological challenge of the Cold War acted as a pivot points in shaping the nature and character of multinational firms. By examining such phenomena, this study offers insights to anyone who has an interest in business, economic or political history, management and business studies, or international relations.

Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at https://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

chapter |19 pages

Introduction

Multinational Enterprise in the Century of Total War and Cold War: Political Risk and Organisational Change

part I|85 pages

Geopolitical Risks and Organisational Challenges

chapter 2|14 pages

Municipalisation, War, Tax and Nationalisation

Imperial Continental Gas Association in an Era of Turmoil, 1824–1987

chapter 3|18 pages

Go West

C&A’s Motives and Strategies for Expansion From Europe Into the Western Hemisphere, 1945–1962

part II|67 pages

Total War and Long-Lasting Impact

chapter 5|25 pages

Mutual Attraction

Siemens Activities in Italy 1855–1968

chapter 6|20 pages

Reinventing the Rio Tinto Company

Spain, Political Risk and Corporate Strategy Before and After the Second World War

chapter 7|20 pages

War and Industry Dynamics

The Case of the Industrial Gases Industry After 1940

part III|62 pages

Cold War and Corporate Strategies

chapter 8|19 pages

The Afterlife of a Multinational Enterprise

The Case of Siemens’ Subsidiary in Hungary After the Second World War

chapter 9|18 pages

International Business and the Cold War

The Case of the Trans-European Pipeline, 1956–1960

chapter 10|23 pages

From Cold War to the Washington Consensus

Evolution of the Multinational Corporations’ Strategies in Chile