ABSTRACT
The chapter discusses the co-evolutionary process of clusters and GVCs and the need for an integrated theoretical framework able to provide a more comprehensive view of the organization of global and local economic activities. It explores the heterogeneity between and within clusters and GVCs, and cluster-related elements that shape this outcome. By reviewing the key concepts emerging from the book chapters, it offers new insights on how to interpret, measure and capture the changes occurring at the cluster level, including a discussion of global lead firms and local dynamic actors in such settings. Furthermore, it suggests how research on clusters can provide inputs and insights for the GVC theoretical framework, taking into consideration the connection between manufacturing and innovation in the emerging technological and institutional landscape.
