ABSTRACT

One of the most profound changes in nineteenth century urban life was a spatial reordering of society: bridges to carry railway cars, vast dock warehouses and 'pools' for steamships and their cargo, hotels and railway stations for travelers, city halls for municipal bureaucrats, public baths, hospitals, concert halls, museums, and so on, all an outgrowth of technological innovation, urbanization, and population growth, and all reflecting changes in spatial function.