ABSTRACT
Since the Industrial Revolution, humanity has been highly dependent on a variety of chemical and physical processes, which either pollute or are energy intensive. Excessive use of those physicochemical processes has led to global problems with environmental pollution, especially water pollution. As a result, it is of utmost importance to prioritize using “green technology” to mitigate damage to our bodies of water. Treating textile wastewater via conventional methods is difficult due to its complex structure, xenobiotic nature, and inefficient secondary pollutant disposal. Therefore, developing a scenario-based approach is necessary for effective wastewater treatment, as is complete organic degradation of dyes and their intermediaries (vis-à-vis degradation kinetics). The most logical biological strategy is a sequential anaerobic–aerobic process in which the anaerobic phase is the most critical, time-consuming stage that could be enhanced by several bioprocessing techniques. Studying dye degradation kinetics provides insight into how the process is affected by different experimental conditions and helps to predict the kinetic behavior of microorganisms in industrial dye decolorization. This chapter describes different approaches to assess the kinetic behavior of the microbial community in treatment processes and different bioreactors employed for the treatment of textile effluence. Also, investigating reactor performance based on modeling and simulation may provide new insights into biological textile wastewater treatment processes.
