ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the influence of ideological forces on the changing configurations of the mixed economies of health care and welfare in the 18th and 19th centuries. It concentrates on two issues: the complex history of ideologies of citizenship in civil society and influence of Enlightenment rationalism on the political cultures of health and welfare provision. Recent historiographical accounts of social welfare have rightly drawn attention to the importance of studying mixed economies of health care and social security. However, it is necessary to evaluate the role of both voluntary and statutory provision in the construction of citizenship in civil societies because this offers the opportunity to investigate transmutations in the operation of power. If the costs of industrialisation stimulated European states into addressing the question of health citizenship, the right to receive economic support was not represented in the political languages of industrialising societies until the last quarter of the century.
