ABSTRACT
A CCS system may be viewed as being composed of four subsystems as illustrated in Figure 3.1, specifically: the electricity producing power plant, the CO2 capture system, the CO2 transport system and finally the CO2 repository and associated injection equipment. This chapter starts with a critical state-of-the-art review and assessment of the major technological options that are available for the capture of CO2 emissions from power plants and other process industries. The aim is to provide a user-friendly review which provides the reader with sufficient information to understand the basic technologies and their possible future evolution. In sections 3.2 and 3.3 we review the established techniques for capturing CO2 from large industrial sources, followed by modelled results estimating the costs of CO2 capture. In sections 3.4 to 3.6 we present a review of some of the novel approaches which have been proposed for capturing (and storing) CO2. Once CO2 has been captured it has to be collected and transported via a pipeline or other means to the geological storage site. A whole system techno-economic model was devised and constructed for characterising and costing the CCS system, depicted in Figure 3.1, and described in section 3.7. The main findings of the model are not discussed in section 3.7 but will be presented in future publications.
