Vessel traffic flow simulation based on hybrid model combining multi-agent and process modelling

Inc., USA) to build a new traffic simulation model according to vessel arrival probability following the implementation of a new institution near the Istanbul Strait. Numano et al. (2001) used a multi-agent model to simulate the navigation status of different vessels and describe different characteristics and behaviours (Inaishi and Kawaguchi, 2004). Goerlandt and Kujala (2011) established a collision risk simulation model, within which the simulated outcomes were consistent with actual accident data in a case study of the Gulf of Finland.