ABSTRACT
The basic components of fuel cells are an anodic chamber, cathodic chamber, electrolyte, proton exchange membrane, and an external circuit
to collect the current, as shown in Figure 12.1 (EG&G Technical Services, 2004). Based on this basic design, many fuel cells are developed and classified based on the type of electrolyte used. These fuel cells are fed with various sources, including hydrogen, methanol, and formate, usually smaller molecules. Limitations of these fuel cells from using larger molecules such as glucose, propanol due to incomplete oxidation process, and higher operating temperature led to modifications in the fuel cell (Scott, 2014) with microorganisms or enzymes as catalysts in the electrochemical reaction, generally called microbial fuel cells and enzyme fuel cells, respectively.
