ABSTRACT
Aqueous Solutions ............................................................................................................................................. 246 9.4 Separation and Removal of Hydrocarbons Using Membranes Based on Glassy Polymers ......................................... 248
9.4.1 Separation of Olefins and Paraffins ................................................................................................................... 248 9.4.1.1 Effect of Unsaturated Bonds on the Size of Olefin Molecules and on the
Capability of Olefins to Enter into Specific Interactions with the Membrane Matrix ........................ 248 9.4.1.2 Effect of Chemical Composition of Glassy Polymers on Their Gas Separation
Properties to Hydrocarbons ................................................................................................................. 249 9.4.1.3 Pressure Dependence of Hydrocarbon Permeability and Selectivity in Glassy Polymers .................. 254 9.4.1.4 Temperature Dependence of Hydrocarbon Permeability and Selectivity in Glassy Polymers ........... 255 9.4.1.5 Kinetics of the Permeation Process ..................................................................................................... 256
9.4.2 Separation of Aromatic, Alicyclic, and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons ...................................................................... 257 9.4.2.1 Problem of Separation of Aromatic, Alicyclic, and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons..................................... 257 9.4.2.2 Diffusion Component of Separation Factor ........................................................................................ 258 9.4.2.3 Sorption Component of Separation Factor .......................................................................................... 260
9.5 Industrial Removal of Hydrocarbons from Their Mixtures with Various Gases and Vapors ...................................... 262 References ............................................................................................................................................................................... 264
Separation of hydrocarbons and their removal from various gaseous and liquid mixtures are important objectives of chemical and petrochemical industries. These objectives can be achieved by adsorption, rectification, or cryogenic technology. In the last 20 years this list of traditional methods was supplemented by membrane technology. A significant corpus of patent and literary data accumulated so far requires generalization (about 2000 documents over the last 20 years). The flow of patent and periodic information on the problem of membrane separation of hydrocarbons is steadily growing [1-4]. The flow is dominated by articles in journals whereas the share of patents is only about one third. This indicates that at present researchers are mainly taking a scientific, rather than commercial, interest in the problem [1].
