ABSTRACT
Clifford Talbot, James McGinty, Ewan McGhee, Dylan Owen, David Grant, Sunil Kumar, Pieter De Beule, Egidijus Auksorius, Hugh Manning, Neil Galletly, Bebhinn Treanor, Gordon Kennedy, Peter M.P. Lanigan, Ian Munro, Daniel S. Elson, Anthony Magee, Dan Davis, Mark Neil, Gordon Stamp, Christopher Dunsby, and Paul French Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 6.2 Techniques for Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging and Metrology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 6.3 FLIM and MDFI of Biological Tissue Autofluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 6.4 Application to Cell Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 6.5 Multidimensional Fluorescence Measurement and Imaging Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 6.6 Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
This chapter describes recent advances in the development of fluorescence lifetime imaging and related multidimensional fluorescence imaging techniques together with their application to biological tissue and cell cultures. It aims to outline the principles underlying the main fluorescence imaging modalities and describes recent technological advances, with a particular emphasis on fluorescence lifetime imaging. The application of such technology to label-free imaging of biological tissue is then presented with examples from our work at Imperial College London. Applications to imaging molecular cell biology are then reviewed and a brief perspective of future developments is then presented.
