Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (HILIC–MS) of Paralytic Shell“sh Poisoning Toxins, Domoic Acid, and Assorted Cyanobacterial Toxins

Marine toxins produced by harmful algae are listed among the most important causative agents of poisoning episodes involving seafood consumers.1,2 Toxic incidents are usually associated with blooms of toxigenic plankton species in shell“sh-producing

6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 105 6.2 Paralytic Shell“sh Poisoning Toxins ............................................................ 108

6.2.1 HILIC-MS Determination of PSP Toxins ........................................ 109 6.2.2 Application to Plankton and Shell“sh Samples ................................ 120

6.3 Domoic Acid ................................................................................................. 122 6.3.1 HILIC-MS Determination of DA ..................................................... 122 6.3.2 Application to Shell“sh Samples ......................................................124