ABSTRACT

Air pollution is a major global environmental problem, particularly in urban areas where pollution levels are of great concern. It is responsible for a variety of environmental and health issues depending on the type of contaminants that are present in

10.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 277 10.2 Objectives ................................................................................................... 281 10.3 Case Study 1 (Controlled Experiments) ..................................................... 281

10.3.1 Sampling Site ................................................................................. 281 10.3.2 Sample Collection .......................................................................... 282 10.3.3 Results and Discussion (Case Study 1) ........................................... 283

10.3.3.1 Number Concentration of Particles ................................. 283 10.3.3.2 Health Risk Assessment ..................................................286

10.4 Case Study 2 (Real-World Environment) ...................................................287 10.4.1 Description of Sampling Sites ........................................................287 10.4.2 Sample Collection ..........................................................................288 10.4.3 Extraction and Chemical Analyses ................................................288 10.4.4 Results and Discussion (Case Study 2) .......................................... 289