ABSTRACT
Germination of seed and propagules is a complex phenomenon involving many physiological and biochemicalchangespriortoactivationoftheembryoandprotrusionoftheradicle(Bewleyand Black1985,MayerandPoljakoff-Mayber1989,BradfordandNonogaki2007).Duringinitialstages ofgermination,propagules,beingvegetativetissues,mayresponddifferentlytoseeds;however, fundamentally,seedlingsfrombothgrowsimilarly.Anyunfavorablechangesmayjeopardizethe process of germination (Espinar et al. 2005, Khan and Weber 2008, Wahid et al. 2008).
