ABSTRACT

In a curious historical twist, the ˆrst semiconductor ampliˆer was built from germaniumandforatime,germaniumwasthoughttobethesemiconductorofthefuture.Inashorttime,theeaseofmanufacturingsilicon-based devicesmadethegermaniumdeviceindustryunviable.Amajoradvance wasbyJackKilby,atTexasInstruments,whointegrated circuitsofresistors,

CONTENTS

1.1Introduction ....................................................................................................3 1.1.1 Comparison of Materials and Devices............................................5