ABSTRACT
Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................. 555 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 556 Chemical Property, Source, Pharmacology, and Safety ................................................................. 557
Chemical Property, Origin, and Production .............................................................................. 557 Pharmacology and Dosage ........................................................................................................ 558 Dietary Safety and Adverse Effects .......................................................................................... 558
CLA on Obesity Issue: Weight Control and Body Composition in Cultured Cell, Animal, and Human Studies .......................................................................................................... 559
Disease Related to Obesity: Role of Inˆammation and Adipokine ........................................... 559 Metabolic Syndrome: Adipogenesis and Neurotrophins........................................................... 559 Cell-Cell Interaction: Integrin, Matrix Metalloproteinase ........................................................ 559 CLA on Lipid Metabolism: In Cell, Animal, and Human Study ..............................................560 Functional Comparison of Esteried and Free Forms CLA ..................................................... 561
Mechanism of CLA Effects: On Differentiation, Organelles, Gene Expression, Putative Receptor, and Immune Response ..................................................................................... 562
Adipocyte/Preadipocyte Differentiation, Activation ................................................................. 562 Organelle Functions: Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum ............................................ 562 CLA on Gene Expression: PPARs, Signal Transduction, and Adipokines ............................... 563 Antiadipogenesis of CLA Involved in Estrogen Receptor? RA Receptor? ..............................566 Immune Viewpoint: CLA on Inˆammation and Oxidative Stress ............................................566
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 568 References ...................................................................................................................................... 569
