ABSTRACT
This chapter, which is a sequel to Chapter 5, deals with practical methods for counteracting the diminishing, nullifying, or counterproductive impact of behavioural
21.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 385 21.2 Discouraging Unsafe Driving or Driving Altogether ................................... 387 21.3 Incentives for Accident-Free Driving ........................................................... 388 21.4 Requirements for Effective Incentive Programming .................................... 391
21.4.1 Managerial Vigour ........................................................................ 392 21.4.2 Rewarding the ‘Bottom Line’ ....................................................... 392 21.4.3 Attractiveness of the Incentive ..................................................... 392 21.4.4 Progressive Safety Credits ............................................................ 393 21.4.5 Simple Rules ................................................................................. 393 21.4.6 Perceived Equity ........................................................................... 393 21.4.7 Perceived Attainability ................................................................. 394 21.4.8 Short Incubation Period ................................................................ 394 21.4.9 Rewarding Group as well as Individual Performance .................. 394 21.4.10 Operator Participation in Programme Design .............................. 394 21.4.11 Prevention of Accident Under-Reporting ..................................... 395 21.4.12 Reward All Levels of the Organization ........................................ 395 21.4.13 Whether or Not to Supplement Rewards with Safety Training .... 395 21.4.14 Maximizing Net Savings versus Maximizing Benefit/Cost ......... 395 21.4.15 Research Component .................................................................... 396
21.5 Perceived Value of the Future, Safety, and Lifestyle-Dependent Health ..... 396 References .............................................................................................................. 397
adaptation in response to technical and other non-motivational safety interventions. Such interventions tend to be used by drivers and others to enhance performance, not safety. If they had wanted greater safety, they would have acted more safely prior to the introduction of these measures, but they did not due to the expected advantages of risky behaviours.
