ABSTRACT

Nitration of aromatic compounds such as toluene is important for the synthesis of small-molecule precursors for further use in žne chemicals such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, plastics, and explosives.1-3 Typically, it is the para nitration product of monosubstituted benzene compounds that is the most desirable.4 The traditional aromatic nitration method that is still widely used today is the homogeneous

1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................1 1.2 Theoretical Method ..........................................................................................5