ABSTRACT
Investigation of different forms of cell death has become an important area of biomedical research. Recently, several cell death modalities, in addition to necrosis and apoptosis, have been described and characterized based on morphological and biochemical criteria. In 2009, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death proposed unied criteria for the denition of 12 cell death modalities (Kroemer et al. 2009). Among the best characterized of these modes of cell death are apoptosis, autophagy, cornication, and necrosis. Until recently, a requirement for gene expression was documented only for apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Cornication is a special form of programmed cell death in the epidermis. To some extent, it represents an example of terminal differentiation, similar to the maturation of red blood cells or lens epithelium, although there are signicant differences between them at the biochemical level. The interaction between the different forms of cell death is complex and is still a matter of debate. However, recently, the mitochondria have
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 13 2.2 Mitochondria and Necrosis ............................................................................. 14 2.3 Apoptosis: Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics ......................... 17
2.3.1 Involvement of Mitochondria in Apoptosis ........................................ 18 2.3.2 Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization ... 18 2.3.3 Mitochondria, ROS, and Apoptosis ....................................................23 2.3.4 Ca2+-triggered AIF Processing ...........................................................25
