ABSTRACT
Tissue Optics and Microcirculation Imaging Group, School of Physics, National University of Ire-
land, Galway, Ireland
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
9.2 Review of Pioneering Modalities towards Dynamic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
9.3 Optical Sectioning Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
9.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
9.5 Acknowledgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
This chapter describes the application of optical imaging techniques to biological tissue, to yield
both qualitative and quantitative metrics of morphological and functional information. An in-depth
narrative proffers reasoning for the diagnostic and prognostic value of such techniques via compa-
rable descriptions of its invasive predecessors. Optical sectioning techniques of both the scattering
and absorption based variety are described. The inherent need for non-invasive imaging modalities
in modern medicine is discussed, in addition to the advantageous applications of their use and cur-
rent limitations affecting performance.