ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology has touched nearly every aspect of pharmaceutical development, and vaccine research and development is no exception. This chapter is intended to introduce the reader to nanoemulsions and their use as vaccine adjuvants, particularly highlighting the adjuvants approved around the world in addition to those adjuvant candidates in clinical development. Of particular interest are the commonalities between those formulations approved for use in humans and insight into their modes of action as vaccine adjuvants. In order to understand the use of nanoemulsions in immunology, one must have an understanding of the immune system and how vaccines take advantage of the immune system in order to prevent infection. Thus, this section includes a brief overview of the immune system and its response to foreign pathogens, an introduction to the role of adjuvants in enhancing vaccine efciency, and the science behind nanoemulsions and their formation.
