ABSTRACT
Correspondence analysis and related methods (CARME), as described in the preface, includes simple and multiple correspondence analysis (CA and MCA), biplots, singular value decomposition (SVD) and principal components analysis (PCA), canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), and so forth. The commonalities shared by these
CONTENTS
1.1 Visual Language ............................................................................................6 1.1.1 Rise of Visual Language ...................................................................6 1.1.2 Maps.....................................................................................................8 1.1.3 Graphs and Diagrams ..................................................................... 10
1.2 Visual Thinking ........................................................................................... 12 1.2.1 Graphic Vision of Charles Joseph Minard.................................... 12 1.2.2 Francis Galton’s Visual Discoveries .............................................. 14
1.3 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 15
methods can be grouped in relation to the features of hypothesized lateralized brain functions. The left-brain elements are more logical, formal, and mathematical: matrix expression, eigenvalue formulations, and dimension reduction, while the right-brain features are more visual: (point) clouds, spatial data maps, geometric vectors, and a geometric approach to data analysis. This lateralization of brain function is often exaggerated in popular culture, but it resembles a conjecture I have long held regarding data analysis (see Friendly and Kwan, 2011):
The term bicameral mind comes from Julian Jaynes’s (1978) book on the origin of consciousness, in which he argued that ancient peoples before roughly 1000 BC lacked self-reflection or meta-consciousness. For bicameral humans, direct sensory neural activity in the dominant left hemisphere operated largely by means of automatic, nonconscious habit schemas, and was separated from input of the right hemisphere, interpreted as a vision or the voice of a chieftain or deity.
